KCNH2 Variant Q391H Detail

We estimate the penetrance of LQTS for KCNH2 Q391H is 9%. We are unaware of any observations of this variant in individuals. Q391H is not present in gnomAD. We have tested the trafficking efficiency of this variant, 117% of WT with a standard error of 18%; in our analysis we used SE < 20% as 'high quality'. Approximately below 50% of WT is considered PS3 moderate and below 30% is PS3 strong. Q391H has not been functionally characterized. This residue is located in a Non_Hotspot region for LQT2. In silico predictions, functional data (if available), and location in structure are equivalent to observing 0 individuals with LQT2 and 10 unaffected individuals.These data combined with observations of carriers lead us to estimate the LQTS penetrance for KCNQ1 Q391H around 9% (0/10).

In Silico Data

PROVEAN PolyPhen-2 BLAST-PSSM REVEL Penetrance Density (%)
-4.758 0.781 0 0.819 4
PROVEAN scores less than -2 are considered deleterious. REVEL scores higher than 0.5 or 0.75 are considered likely pathogenic (higher sensitivity with the former cutoff, higher specificity with the latter cutoff). A PolyPhen-2 score of 0.85 or greater is considered likely pathogenic. BLAST-PSSM reflects the evolutionary conservation of residue substitutions, more negative numbers indicate fewer observations of the specific substitution than is expected. Penetrance density is our previously published method to calculate the average LQTS probability density in a shell of residues surrounding a residue of interest (Kroncke et al. 2019).

Reported Carrier Data

PubMed ID Year Carriers Unaffected LQT2 Other Disease
LITERATURE, COHORT, AND GNOMAD: - 0 0 0 -
VARIANT FEATURES ALONE: - 10 10 0 -
Summary totals might not agree with the literature table because of duplicate patients, which were excluded from the total counts. We do not distinguish here between multiple missense codons. Missense variants are combined across degenerate codon substitutions since codon-level data were not consistently available for curation.

Q391H has 31 previously observed neighbors within 15 angstroms

A residue within a folded protein on average has nearest neighbors that fall roughly into two shells: a "nearest" neighbor around 5-6 angstroms and a second shell around 11 angstroms. NOTE: some residues appear multiple times at different distances since the functional KV11.1 channel (protein product of KCNH2/hERG) is a homotetramer and occasionally the same residue from multiple subunits is present within the 15A window. All variants shown in the rightmost column have been observed in at least one individual in the literature or gnomAD.

Neighbor Distance (Angstroms) Variants Observed in Individuals
391 0 Q391X,
390 4
392 4
389 5
393 5 P393L,
388 7
394 7 R394C, R394H,
387 8
395 8
386 8 P386X,
396 8
385 9
397 9 R397X, R397H,
384 10
398 10 W398L, W398X,
383 11
399 11
382 11 A382T,
400 11 I400N,
381 12
401 12
380 13 L380X,
402 13 H402R,
379 13 S379Y,
403 13
378 14
404 14
377 14
405 14
376 15 Q376sp, Q376R,
406 15