KCNH2 Variant A429T Detail

We estimate the penetrance of LQTS for KCNH2 A429T is 19%. We are unaware of any observations of this variant in individuals. A429T is not present in gnomAD. We have tested the trafficking efficiency of this variant, 53% of WT with a standard error of 18%; in our analysis we used SE < 20% as 'high quality'. Approximately below 50% of WT is considered PS3 moderate and below 30% is PS3 strong. A429T has not been functionally characterized. This residue is located in a Mild_Hotspot region for LQT2. In silico predictions, functional data (if available), and location in structure are equivalent to observing 1 individuals with LQT2 and 9 unaffected individuals.These data combined with observations of carriers lead us to estimate the LQTS penetrance for KCNQ1 A429T around 19% (1/10).

In Silico Data

PROVEAN PolyPhen-2 BLAST-PSSM REVEL Penetrance Density (%)
-3.807 0.63 0 0.946 39
PROVEAN scores less than -2 are considered deleterious. REVEL scores higher than 0.5 or 0.75 are considered likely pathogenic (higher sensitivity with the former cutoff, higher specificity with the latter cutoff). A PolyPhen-2 score of 0.85 or greater is considered likely pathogenic. BLAST-PSSM reflects the evolutionary conservation of residue substitutions, more negative numbers indicate fewer observations of the specific substitution than is expected. Penetrance density is our previously published method to calculate the average LQTS probability density in a shell of residues surrounding a residue of interest (Kroncke et al. 2019).

Reported Carrier Data

PubMed ID Year Carriers Unaffected LQT2 Other Disease
LITERATURE, COHORT, AND GNOMAD: - 0 0 0 -
VARIANT FEATURES ALONE: - 10 9 1 -
Summary totals might not agree with the literature table because of duplicate patients, which were excluded from the total counts. We do not distinguish here between multiple missense codons. Missense variants are combined across degenerate codon substitutions since codon-level data were not consistently available for curation.

A429T has 43 previously observed neighbors within 15 angstroms

A residue within a folded protein on average has nearest neighbors that fall roughly into two shells: a "nearest" neighbor around 5-6 angstroms and a second shell around 11 angstroms. NOTE: some residues appear multiple times at different distances since the functional KV11.1 channel (protein product of KCNH2/hERG) is a homotetramer and occasionally the same residue from multiple subunits is present within the 15A window. All variants shown in the rightmost column have been observed in at least one individual in the literature or gnomAD.

Neighbor Distance (Angstroms) Variants Observed in Individuals
429 0 A429V, A429P,
430 4
428 4 S428fsX, S428X, S428L,
426 5 P426H,
432 6
522 6 G522E,
431 7 F431L, F431L, F431L,
425 7
523 7
427 7 Y427C, Y427H, Y427S,
525 7 K525N, K525N,
526 8
566 8 C566S, C566S, C566G, C566F, C566R,
569 10 Y569H, Y569X, Y569C,
570 10
424 10
520 10
524 10
528 11 R528X, R528P, R528W,
567 11 I567T, I567M,
521 11
423 11
562 12 H562R, H562Q, H562Q, H562P,
529 12
422 12 A422T,
563 12 W563G, W563C, W563X, W563C,
574 12 M574L, M574V, M574L,
573 12
527 12
565 12
421 12 T421fsX, T421M,
611 12 Y611D,
607 13
456 13 D456Y,
452 13
420 13 Y420C,
610 14
571 14 I571L, I571V,
572 14 G572D, G572S, G572C, G572R,
564 14 L564L,
453 14
508 15
614 15 A614V, A614T,