SCN5A Variant A422S Detail

We estimate the penetrance of LQTS for SCN5A A422S around 18% and the Brugada syndrome penetrance around 11%. SCN5A A422S was found in a total of 0 carriers in 0 papers and/or in gnomAD: 0 had Brugada syndrome, 0 had LQTS. A422S is not present in gnomAD. A422S has been functionally characterized in 0 papers. This residue is located in a Non_Hotspot region for Brugada syndrome and a Mild_Hotspot region for LQTS. In silico predictions, functional data (if available), and location in structure are equivalent to phenotyping 10 individuals for Brugada syndrome (1 diagnosed with Brugada syndrome) and 5 individuals for LQTS (0 with LQTS). These data combined with observations of carriers lead us to estimate the LQTS penetrance for SCN5A A422S around 18% (0/10) and the Brugada syndrome penetrance around 11% (1/10).

In Silico Data

PROVEAN PolyPhen-2 BLAST-PSSM REVEL Penetrance Density BrS (%) Penetrance Density LQT3 (%)
NA NA NA 0.769 6 21
PROVEAN scores less than -2 are considered deleterious. REVEL scores higher than 0.5 or 0.75 are considered likely pathogenic (higher sensitivity with the former cutoff, higher specificity with the latter cutoff). A PolyPhen-2 score of 0.85 or greater is considered likely pathogenic. BLAST-PSSM reflects the evolutionary conservation of residue substitutions, more negative numbers indicate fewer observations of the specific substitution than is expected. Penetrance Density is our previously published method to calculate the average BrS/LQTS probability density in a shell of residues surrounding a residue of interest (Kroncke et al. 2019).

Reported Carrier Data

PubMed ID Year Carriers Unaffected LQT3 BrS1 Other Other Disease
LITERATURE, COHORT, AND GNOMAD: - 0 0 0 0 -
VARIANT FEATURES ALONE: - 15 14 0 1 - -
Summary totals might not agree with the literature table because of duplicate patients, which were excluded from the total counts. We do not distinguish here between multiple missense codons. Missense variants are combined across degenerate codon substitutions since codon-level data were not consistently available for curation.

A422S has 26 previously observed neighbors within 15 angstroms

A residue within a folded protein on average has nearest neighbors that fall roughly into two shells: a "nearest" neighbor around 5-6 angstroms and a second shell around 11 angstroms. All variants shown in the rightmost column have been observed in at least one individual in the literature or gnomAD.

Neighbor Distance (Angstroms) Variants Observed in Individuals
414 13 M414V,
249 15 K249X,
240 14 V240M,
418 7 E418K,
237 11
417 9
246 15
245 12 Q245K,
244 14
415 10 A415T,
940 14 S940N,
420 6
241 11
235 13 c.704-1G>C, G235R, c.703+1G>A,
419 5 Q419X,
423 4
239 13 I239V , I239V,
1780 14 E1780G,
242 11 A242D,
416 10 Y416C,
413 14 A413T, A413E,
236 14
1783 15
238 9
422 0
421 5