SCN5A Variant R478S Detail

We estimate the penetrance of LQTS for SCN5A R478S around 3% and the Brugada syndrome penetrance around 25%. SCN5A R478S was found in a total of 0 carriers in 0 papers and/or in gnomAD: 0 had Brugada syndrome, 0 had LQTS. R478S is not present in gnomAD. R478S has been functionally characterized in 0 papers. This residue is located in a Mild_Hotspot region for Brugada syndrome and a Non_Hotspot region for LQTS. In silico predictions, functional data (if available), and location in structure are equivalent to phenotyping 10 individuals for Brugada syndrome (2 diagnosed with Brugada syndrome) and 5 individuals for LQTS (0 with LQTS). These data combined with observations of carriers lead us to estimate the LQTS penetrance for SCN5A R478S around 3% (0/10) and the Brugada syndrome penetrance around 25% (2/10).

In Silico Data

PROVEAN PolyPhen-2 BLAST-PSSM REVEL Penetrance Density BrS (%) Penetrance Density LQT3 (%)
NA NA NA 0.523 34 0
PROVEAN scores less than -2 are considered deleterious. REVEL scores higher than 0.5 or 0.75 are considered likely pathogenic (higher sensitivity with the former cutoff, higher specificity with the latter cutoff). A PolyPhen-2 score of 0.85 or greater is considered likely pathogenic. BLAST-PSSM reflects the evolutionary conservation of residue substitutions, more negative numbers indicate fewer observations of the specific substitution than is expected. Penetrance Density is our previously published method to calculate the average BrS/LQTS probability density in a shell of residues surrounding a residue of interest (Kroncke et al. 2019).

Reported Carrier Data

PubMed ID Year Carriers Unaffected LQT3 BrS1 Other Other Disease
LITERATURE, COHORT, AND GNOMAD: - 0 0 0 0 -
VARIANT FEATURES ALONE: - 15 13 0 2 - -
Summary totals might not agree with the literature table because of duplicate patients, which were excluded from the total counts. We do not distinguish here between multiple missense codons. Missense variants are combined across degenerate codon substitutions since codon-level data were not consistently available for curation.

R478S has 31 previously observed neighbors within 15 angstroms

A residue within a folded protein on average has nearest neighbors that fall roughly into two shells: a "nearest" neighbor around 5-6 angstroms and a second shell around 11 angstroms. All variants shown in the rightmost column have been observed in at least one individual in the literature or gnomAD.

Neighbor Distance (Angstroms) Variants Observed in Individuals
463 15 M463T, M463R,
464 14
465 14 p.P465LfsX5,
466 13 L466F,
467 13
468 12 P468L,
469 11 V469I,
470 11 N470K,
471 10
472 9
473 8 E473X,
474 8 R474K, R474G,
475 7 R475S, R475K,
476 5
477 4 c.1428_1431delCAAG,
478 0
479 4
480 5 K480N,
481 7 R481W, R481Q,
482 8 M482I,
483 8
484 9
485 10
486 11 T486A, T486S,
487 11
488 12
489 13
490 13 G490A, G490E,
491 14 E491G,
492 14
493 15 R493K,