KCNH2 Variant V476I Detail

We estimate the penetrance of LQTS for KCNH2 V476I is 7%. This variant was found in a total of 11 carriers in 0 papers or gnomAD (version 4), 0 had LQTS. V476I is present in 11 alleles in gnomAD. V476I has not been functionally characterized. This residue is located in a Mild_Hotspot region for LQT2. In silico predictions, functional data (if available), and location in structure are equivalent to observing 1 individuals with LQT2 and 9 unaffected individuals.These data combined with observations of carriers lead us to estimate the LQTS penetrance for KCNQ1 V476I around 7% (1/21).

In Silico Data

PROVEAN PolyPhen-2 BLAST-PSSM REVEL Penetrance Density (%)
-0.86 0.97 3 0.755 31
PROVEAN scores less than -2 are considered deleterious. REVEL scores higher than 0.5 or 0.75 are considered likely pathogenic (higher sensitivity with the former cutoff, higher specificity with the latter cutoff). A PolyPhen-2 score of 0.85 or greater is considered likely pathogenic. BLAST-PSSM reflects the evolutionary conservation of residue substitutions, more negative numbers indicate fewer observations of the specific substitution than is expected. Penetrance density is our previously published method to calculate the average LQTS probability density in a shell of residues surrounding a residue of interest (Kroncke et al. 2019).

Reported Carrier Data

PubMed ID Year Carriers Unaffected LQT2 Other Disease
LITERATURE, COHORT, AND GNOMAD: - 11 2 0 -
VARIANT FEATURES ALONE: - 10 9 1 -
Summary totals might not agree with the literature table because of duplicate patients, which were excluded from the total counts. We do not distinguish here between multiple missense codons. Missense variants are combined across degenerate codon substitutions since codon-level data were not consistently available for curation.

V476I has 48 previously observed neighbors within 15 angstroms

A residue within a folded protein on average has nearest neighbors that fall roughly into two shells: a "nearest" neighbor around 5-6 angstroms and a second shell around 11 angstroms. NOTE: some residues appear multiple times at different distances since the functional KV11.1 channel (protein product of KCNH2/hERG) is a homotetramer and occasionally the same residue from multiple subunits is present within the 15A window. All variants shown in the rightmost column have been observed in at least one individual in the literature or gnomAD.

Neighbor Distance (Angstroms) Variants Observed in Individuals
476 0 V476I,
475 5 Y475C, Y475Del,
477 5
481 6
4 6
482 6 V482A,
480 7 E480V,
478 7 A478D,
6 7 G6R,
483 7 V483I,
402 7 H402R,
474 8 T474I,
5 9
479 9
3 9
492 10 H492Y,
484 11
403 11
489 11 I489I, I489F,
473 11 T473P,
702 11
7 11
401 12
8 12
699 12 E699D, E699D,
488 12 R488C, R488H,
540 12 D540fsX,
703 12
827 12
537 13 R537W,
541 13 R541C, R541H,
538 13
706 13 S706F, S706C,
9 13 A9T, A9V,
470 13 N470D,
765 13
493 13 Y493C, Y493Ins, Y493H, Y493F,
407 14
698 14 E698X, E698K,
404 14
491 14 V491I,
400 14 I400N,
497 14 W497L, W497X,
490 14 A490P, A490T,
695 14
485 14 H485X,
496 15
764 15