KCNH2 Variant A448V Detail

We estimate the penetrance of LQTS for KCNH2 A448V is 42%. We are unaware of any observations of this variant in individuals. A448V is not present in gnomAD. A448V has not been functionally characterized. This residue is located in a Hotspot region for LQT2. In silico predictions, functional data (if available), and location in structure are equivalent to observing 4 individuals with LQT2 and 6 unaffected individuals.These data combined with observations of carriers lead us to estimate the LQTS penetrance for KCNQ1 A448V around 42% (4/10).

In Silico Data

PROVEAN PolyPhen-2 BLAST-PSSM REVEL Penetrance Density (%)
-2.059 0.149 -1 0.635 48
PROVEAN scores less than -2 are considered deleterious. REVEL scores higher than 0.5 or 0.75 are considered likely pathogenic (higher sensitivity with the former cutoff, higher specificity with the latter cutoff). A PolyPhen-2 score of 0.85 or greater is considered likely pathogenic. BLAST-PSSM reflects the evolutionary conservation of residue substitutions, more negative numbers indicate fewer observations of the specific substitution than is expected. Penetrance density is our previously published method to calculate the average LQTS probability density in a shell of residues surrounding a residue of interest (Kroncke et al. 2019).

Reported Carrier Data

PubMed ID Year Carriers Unaffected LQT2 Other Disease
LITERATURE, COHORT, AND GNOMAD: - 0 0 0 -
VARIANT FEATURES ALONE: - 10 6 4 -
Summary totals might not agree with the literature table because of duplicate patients, which were excluded from the total counts. We do not distinguish here between multiple missense codons. Missense variants are combined across degenerate codon substitutions since codon-level data were not consistently available for curation.

A448V has 31 previously observed neighbors within 15 angstroms

A residue within a folded protein on average has nearest neighbors that fall roughly into two shells: a "nearest" neighbor around 5-6 angstroms and a second shell around 11 angstroms. NOTE: some residues appear multiple times at different distances since the functional KV11.1 channel (protein product of KCNH2/hERG) is a homotetramer and occasionally the same residue from multiple subunits is present within the 15A window. All variants shown in the rightmost column have been observed in at least one individual in the literature or gnomAD.

Neighbor Distance (Angstroms) Variants Observed in Individuals
448 0 A448T, A448S,
447 4 Y447X,
449 4
446 5
450 5
445 7
451 7 P451L,
444 8 E444D, E444K, E444D,
452 8
443 8 T443N, T443fsX,
453 8
442 9
454 9
441 10 P441L, P441R,
455 10
440 11 P440L,
456 11 D456Y,
439 11
457 11 L457P,
438 12 E438X, E438K,
458 12
437 13
459 13
436 13 T436M,
460 13 D460fsX,
435 14 E435X, E435G,
461 14
434 14
462 14 M462Ins,
433 15
463 15 F463L, F463L, F463L,